A module for dealing with the polylines used throughout matplotlib.
The primary class for polyline handling in matplotlib is Path
. Almost all vector drawing makes use of Paths somewhere in the drawing pipeline.
Whilst a Path
instance itself cannot be drawn, there exists Artist
subclasses which can be used for convenient Path visualisation - the two most frequently used of these are PathPatch
and PathCollection
.
class matplotlib.path.Path(vertices, codes=None, _interpolation_steps=1, closed=False, readonly=False)
Bases: object
Path
represents a series of possibly disconnected, possibly closed, line and curve segments.
These two arrays always have the same length in the first dimension. For example, to represent a cubic curve, you must provide three vertices as well as three codes CURVE3
.
The code types are:
STOP
A marker for the end of the entire path (currently not required and ignored)
MOVETO
Pick up the pen and move to the given vertex.
LINETO
Draw a line from the current position to the given vertex.
CURVE3
Draw a quadratic Bezier curve from the current position, with the given control point, to the given end point.
CURVE4
Draw a cubic Bezier curve from the current position, with the given control points, to the given end point.
CLOSEPOLY
Draw a line segment to the start point of the current polyline.
Users of Path objects should not access the vertices and codes arrays directly. Instead, they should use iter_segments()
or cleaned()
to get the vertex/code pairs. This is important, since many Path
objects, as an optimization, do not store a codes at all, but have a default one provided for them by iter_segments()
.
Note
The vertices and codes arrays should be treated as immutable – there are a number of optimizations and assumptions made up front in the constructor that will not change when the data changes.
Create a new path with the given vertices and codes.
Parameters: |
vertices : array_like The If vertices contains masked values, they will be converted to NaNs which are then handled correctly by the Agg PathIterator and other consumers of path data, such as codes : {None, array_like}, optional n-length array integers representing the codes of the path. If not None, codes must be the same length as vertices. If None, vertices will be treated as a series of line segments. _interpolation_steps : int, optional Used as a hint to certain projections, such as Polar, that this path should be linearly interpolated immediately before drawing. This attribute is primarily an implementation detail and is not intended for public use. closed : bool, optional If codes is None and closed is True, vertices will be treated as line segments of a closed polygon. readonly : bool, optional Makes the path behave in an immutable way and sets the vertices and codes as read-only arrays. |
---|
CLOSEPOLY = 79
CURVE3 = 3
CURVE4 = 4
LINETO = 2
MOVETO = 1
NUM_VERTICES_FOR_CODE = {0: 1, 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 2, 4: 3, 79: 1}
A dictionary mapping Path codes to the number of vertices that the code expects.
STOP = 0
classmethod arc(theta1, theta2, n=None, is_wedge=False)
Return an arc on the unit circle from angle theta1 to angle theta2 (in degrees).
If n is provided, it is the number of spline segments to make. If n is not provided, the number of spline segments is determined based on the delta between theta1 and theta2.
Masionobe, L. 2003. Drawing an elliptical arc using polylines, quadratic or cubic Bezier curves.classmethod circle(center=(0.0, 0.0), radius=1.0, readonly=False)
Return a Path representing a circle of a given radius and center.
Parameters: |
center : pair of floats The center of the circle. Default radius : float The radius of the circle. Default is 1. readonly : bool Whether the created path should have the “readonly” argument set when creating the Path instance. |
---|
The circle is approximated using cubic Bezier curves. This uses 8 splines around the circle using the approach presented here:
Lancaster, Don. Approximating a Circle or an Ellipse Using Four Bezier Cubic Splines.cleaned(transform=None, remove_nans=False, clip=None, quantize=False, simplify=False, curves=False, stroke_width=1.0, snap=False, sketch=None)
Cleans up the path according to the parameters returning a new Path instance.
See also
See iter_segments()
for details of the keyword arguments.
Returns: | Path instance with cleaned up vertices and codes. |
---|
clip_to_bbox(bbox, inside=True)
Clip the path to the given bounding box.
The path must be made up of one or more closed polygons. This algorithm will not behave correctly for unclosed paths.
If inside is True
, clip to the inside of the box, otherwise to the outside of the box.
code_type
alias of uint8
codes
The list of codes in the Path
as a 1-D numpy array. Each code is one of STOP
, MOVETO
, LINETO
, CURVE3
, CURVE4
or CLOSEPOLY
. For codes that correspond to more than one vertex (CURVE3
and CURVE4
), that code will be repeated so that the length of self.vertices
and self.codes
is always the same.
contains_path(path, transform=None)
Returns True if this path completely contains the given path.
If transform is not None, the path will be transformed before performing the test.
contains_point(point, transform=None, radius=0.0)
Returns True if the path contains the given point.
If transform is not None, the path will be transformed before performing the test.
radius allows the path to be made slightly larger or smaller.
contains_points(points, transform=None, radius=0.0)
Returns a bool array which is True if the path contains the corresponding point.
If transform is not None, the path will be transformed before performing the test.
radius allows the path to be made slightly larger or smaller.
copy()
Returns a shallow copy of the Path
, which will share the vertices and codes with the source Path
.
deepcopy()
Returns a deepcopy of the Path
. The Path
will not be readonly, even if the source Path
is.
get_extents(transform=None)
Returns the extents (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax) of the path.
Unlike computing the extents on the vertices alone, this algorithm will take into account the curves and deal with control points appropriately.
has_nonfinite
True
if the vertices array has nonfinite values.
classmethod hatch(hatchpattern, density=6)
Given a hatch specifier, hatchpattern, generates a Path that can be used in a repeated hatching pattern. density is the number of lines per unit square.
interpolated(steps)
Returns a new path resampled to length N x steps. Does not currently handle interpolating curves.
intersects_bbox(bbox, filled=True)
Returns True if this path intersects a given Bbox
.
filled, when True, treats the path as if it was filled. That is, if one path completely encloses the other, intersects_path()
will return True.
intersects_path(other, filled=True)
Returns True if this path intersects another given path.
filled, when True, treats the paths as if they were filled. That is, if one path completely encloses the other, intersects_path()
will return True.
iter_segments(transform=None, remove_nans=True, clip=None, snap=False, stroke_width=1.0, simplify=None, curves=True, sketch=None)
Iterates over all of the curve segments in the path. Each iteration returns a 2-tuple (vertices, code), where vertices is a sequence of 1 - 3 coordinate pairs, and code is one of the Path
codes.
Additionally, this method can provide a number of standard cleanups and conversions to the path.
Parameters: |
transform : None or If not None, the given affine transformation will be applied to the path. remove_nans : {False, True}, optional If True, will remove all NaNs from the path and insert MOVETO commands to skip over them. clip : None or sequence, optional If not None, must be a four-tuple (x1, y1, x2, y2) defining a rectangle in which to clip the path. snap : None or bool, optional If None, auto-snap to pixels, to reduce fuzziness of rectilinear lines. If True, force snapping, and if False, don’t snap. stroke_width : float, optional
simplify : None or bool, optional
curves : {True, False}, optional If True, curve segments will be returned as curve segments. If False, all curves will be converted to line segments. sketch : None or sequence, optional If not None, must be a 3-tuple of the form (scale, length, randomness), representing the sketch parameters. |
---|
classmethod make_compound_path(*args)
Make a compound path from a list of Path objects.
classmethod make_compound_path_from_polys(XY)
Make a compound path object to draw a number of polygons with equal numbers of sides XY is a (numpolys x numsides x 2) numpy array of vertices. Return object is a Path
(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)
readonly
True
if the Path
is read-only.
should_simplify
True
if the vertices array should be simplified.
simplify_threshold
The fraction of a pixel difference below which vertices will be simplified out.
to_polygons(transform=None, width=0, height=0)
Convert this path to a list of polygons. Each polygon is an Nx2 array of vertices. In other words, each polygon has no MOVETO
instructions or curves. This is useful for displaying in backends that do not support compound paths or Bezier curves, such as GDK.
If width and height are both non-zero then the lines will be simplified so that vertices outside of (0, 0), (width, height) will be clipped.
transformed(transform)
Return a transformed copy of the path.
See also
matplotlib.transforms.TransformedPath
classmethod unit_circle()
Return the readonly Path
of the unit circle.
For most cases, Path.circle()
will be what you want.
classmethod unit_circle_righthalf()
Return a Path
of the right half of a unit circle. The circle is approximated using cubic Bezier curves. This uses 4 splines around the circle using the approach presented here:
classmethod unit_rectangle()
Return a Path
instance of the unit rectangle from (0, 0) to (1, 1).
classmethod unit_regular_asterisk(numVertices)
Return a Path
for a unit regular asterisk with the given numVertices and radius of 1.0, centered at (0, 0).
classmethod unit_regular_polygon(numVertices)
Return a Path
instance for a unit regular polygon with the given numVertices and radius of 1.0, centered at (0, 0).
classmethod unit_regular_star(numVertices, innerCircle=0.5)
Return a Path
for a unit regular star with the given numVertices and radius of 1.0, centered at (0, 0).
vertices
The list of vertices in the Path
as an Nx2 numpy array.
classmethod wedge(theta1, theta2, n=None)
Return a wedge of the unit circle from angle theta1 to angle theta2 (in degrees).
If n is provided, it is the number of spline segments to make. If n is not provided, the number of spline segments is determined based on the delta between theta1 and theta2.
matplotlib.path.get_path_collection_extents(master_transform, paths, transforms, offsets, offset_transform)
Given a sequence of Path
objects, Transform
objects and offsets, as found in a PathCollection
, returns the bounding box that encapsulates all of them.
master_transform is a global transformation to apply to all paths
paths is a sequence of Path
instances.
transforms is a sequence of Affine2D
instances.
offsets is a sequence of (x, y) offsets (or an Nx2 array)
offset_transform is a Affine2D
to apply to the offsets before applying the offset to the path.
The way that paths, transforms and offsets are combined follows the same method as for collections. Each is iterated over independently, so if you have 3 paths, 2 transforms and 1 offset, their combinations are as follows:
(A, A, A), (B, B, A), (C, A, A)matplotlib.path.get_paths_extents(paths, transforms=[])
Given a sequence of Path
objects and optional Transform
objects, returns the bounding box that encapsulates all of them.
paths is a sequence of Path
instances.
transforms is an optional sequence of Affine2D
instances to apply to each path.
© 2012–2016 Matplotlib Development Team. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the Matplotlib License Agreement.
http://matplotlib.org/1.5.3/api/path_api.html