W3cubDocs

/CSS

grid-template

This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.

The grid-template CSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, rows and areas.

Authors can set values for the longhand properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-template-areas.

Initial value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies to grid containers
Inherited no
Percentages as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Media visual
Computed value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation type discrete
Canonical order the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Syntax

/* Keyword value */
grid-template: none;

/* grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns values */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column values */
grid-template: "a a a"
               "b b b";
grid-template: "a a a" 20%
               "b b b" auto;
grid-template: [header-top] "a a a"     [header-bottom]
                 [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
                            / auto 1fr auto;

/* Global values */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

Values

none
Is a keyword that sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.
<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>
Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?
Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).

Note: The repeat() function isn’t allowed in these track listings, as the tracks are intended to visually line up one-to-one with the rows/columns in the “ASCII art”.

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

Formal syntax

none | [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ] | [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

where
<line-names> = '[' <custom-ident>* ']'
<track-size> = <track-breadth> | minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> ) | fit-content( [ <length> | <percentage> ] )
<explicit-track-list> = [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?

where
<track-breadth> = <length-percentage> | <flex> | min-content | max-content | auto
<inflexible-breadth> = <length> | <percentage> | min-content | max-content | auto

where
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

Examples

CSS

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

Result

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'grid-template' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition

Browser compatibility

Feature Chrome Edge Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support 57.0[1] 20 (12.10240)-ms[3] 52.0 (52.0)[2] 10.0-ms[3] No support[4] Nightly build-webkit
Feature Android Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Mobile Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support No support 52.0 (52.0)[2] 10.0-ms[3] No support No support

[1] Implemented behind the experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags since Chrome 29.0.

[2] Implemented behind the preference layout.css.grid.enabled since Gecko 40.0 (Firefox 40.0 / Thunderbird 40.0 / SeaMonkey 2.37), defaulting to false. Since Gecko 51.0 (Firefox 51.0 / Thunderbird 51.0 / SeaMonkey 2.48) the fit-content() function is supported. And since Gecko 52.0 (Firefox 52.0 / Thunderbird 52.0 / SeaMonkey 2.49) the preference is enabled by default.

[3] Internet Explorer and Edge implement an older version of the specification, which doesn't define this shorthand property.

[4] Implemented behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features flag in chrome://flags since Opera 28.0.

See also

© 2005–2017 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-template